![]() By the turn of the century, not even the captured neighbors could supply the labor demands of the mines and plantations. Now toiling alongside native Hispaniolans, these war captives became the first enslaved foreign workers on the island of Quisqueya, one of the indigenous names for the island that Columbus called Hispaniola. They were a large number of enslaved Lucayos from the Bahamas and Kalingas from the eastern islands. Raids that cleared out from Santo Domingo under the disguise of pacification and to evangelize nearby islanders had brought in other Amerindians to the colony. ![]() As the Hispaniolan Tainos (and Cigüayos) declined during the first couple of years of colonization, the colonial administration run by Christopher Columbus had gone against the wishes of Isabel I of Castile and had begun the first European slave trade on the western side of Atlantic. A decade of intense exploitation and deadly waves of plagues had reduced the indigenous populations to levels that even the Spaniards considered dangerous. The Santo Domingo colony, the only European possession yet in America, had already produced a devastating effect on the Taino, Lucayan (Arawaks), and Kalinga (Caribs) populations. In 1502 (or 1503), the Spanish Crown finally acquiesced to the colonists' demands for enslaved Africans. ![]() History 16th - 18th century Spanish Caribbean with The Captaincy General of Santo Domingo in the center. According to a 2011 survey by Latinobarómetro, 26% of the people surveyed identified themselves as black. The 1960 population census (the last one in which race was queried ) placed it at 10.9%. The 1996 electoral roll put the figures of "black" at 4.13% and "mulatto" at 2.3% of the adult population. There is a lack of recent official data because the National Office of Statistics (ONE) has not released racial data since 1960, though the Central Electoral Board collected racial data until 2014. However, the southeast portion of the country and the border region have the highest concentrations of Black people in the country, while the central Cibao region has the lowest. The Afro-Dominican population can now be found in most parts of the country, from coastal areas such as San Cristobal and San Pedro de Macoris to deep inland areas such as Cotui and Monteplata. In the 19th and 20th centuries black immigrants from the French and British West Indies, as well as the United States came to the island and settled in coastal regions increasing the black population. Many of these Africans eventually intermixed with the Europeans, Mestizos, and Natives creating a triracial Creole culture. However, with the decline of the sugar industry in the colony the importation of slaves decreased. When the Spanish Crown outlawed the enslavement of Natives in the island with the Laws of Burgos, slaves from West Africa and Central Africa were imported from the 16th to 18th centuries due to labor demands. The first black people in the island were brought by European colonists as indentured workers from Spain and Portugal known as Ladinos. Currently there are many black illegal immigrants from Haiti, who are not included within the Afro-Dominican demographics as they are not legal citizens of the nation. About 4.0% of the people surveyed claim an Afro-Caribbean immigrant background, while only 0.2% acknowledged Haitian descent. They are a minority in the country representing 7.8% of the Dominican Republic's population according to a census bureau survey in 2022. minority Caribbean English ( Samaná English)ĭominican Vudú, Roman Catholicism, Protestantismĭominican people, other Afro-Caribbean and Afro-Latin Americans, Afro-HaitiansĪfro-Dominicans (also referred to as African-Dominicans or Black Dominicans) are Dominicans of predominant or full Black African ancestry.For inhabitants of the Commonwealth of Dominica of African descent, see Afro-Dominicans (Dominica).ĭominicans of full or predominant African ancestry Ĭhiefly in Elías Piña, San Pedro de Macorís, Santo Domingo, and San Cristóbal also in Dajabón, Pedernales, Independencia, La Romana and Hato Mayor ![]() ![]() This article is about inhabitants of the Dominican Republic of African descent. ![]()
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